|
| |
|
|
Confidence Cycles and Liquidity Hoarding
Audzei, Volha
Market confidence has proved to be an important factor during past crises. However, many existing general equilibrium models do not account for agents’ expectations, market volatility, or overly pessimistic investor forecasts. In this paper, we incorporate a model of the interbank market into a DSGE model, with the interbank market rate and the volume of lending depending on market confidence and the perception of counterparty risk. In our model, a credit crunch occurs if the perception of counterparty risk increases. Our results suggest that changes in market confidence can generate credit crunches and contribute to the depth of recessions. We then conduct an exercise to mimic some central bank policies: targeted and untargeted liquidity provision, and reduction of the policy rate. Our results indicate that policy actions have a limited effect on the supply of credit if they fail to influence agents’ expectations. Interestingly, a policy of a low policy rate worsens recessions due to its negative impact on banks’ revenues. Liquidity provision stimulates credit slightly, but its efficiency is undermined by liquidity hoarding.
Fulltext:  PDF
|
|
|
Do Consumers Really Follow a Rule of Thumb? Three Thousand Estimates from 130 Studies Say “Probably Not”
Havránek, Tomáš ; Sokolova, Anna
We show that three factors combine to explain the mean excess sensitivity reported in studies estimating consumption Euler equations: the use of macro data, publication bias, and liquidity constraints. When micro data are used, publication bias is corrected for, and the households under examination do not face liquidity constraints, the literature implies no evidence for the excess sensitivity of consumption to income. Hence little remains for pure rule-of-thumb behavior. The results hold when we control for 45 additional variables reflecting the methods employed by researchers and use Bayesian model averaging to account for model uncertainty. The estimates of excess sensitivity are also systematically affected by the order of approximation of the Euler equation, the treatment of non-separability between consumption and leisure, and the choice of proxy for consumption.
Fulltext: PDF
|
|
| |
|
|
Český potravinářský průmysl se zvedá
Český statistický úřad ; Dubská, Drahomíra
Oživení české ekonomiky zasáhlo prostřednictvím rostoucí spotřeby domácností i tuzemskou výrobu potravinářského zboží. V té se v ČR loni promítlo oživení ekonomiky pozitivně hned v několika směrech. Po třech letech meziročních poklesů produkce potravin stoupla, ve druhé polovině roku dokonce významně více než v Polsku anebo Německu, největších exportérů potravin do ČR.
Fulltext: PDF
|
|
| |
|
|
Macroeconomic Factors as Drivers of LGD Prediction: Empirical Evidence from the Czech Republic
Belyaev, Konstantin ; Belyaeva, Aelita ; Konečný, Tomáš ; Seidler, Jakub ; Vojtek, Martin
This paper focuses on key macroeconomic driving factors influencing the loss given default (LGD) – an important credit risk parameter determining credit losses of the banking sector. Various econometric approaches are applied on both individual and aggregated data for different bank segments in order to identify the sensitivity of LGD parameters to both the micro characteristics of debtors and aggregated macro-level data. Despite the relatively low importance of macro variables in the model combining micro- and macroeconomic information, our estimates suggest that the macroeconomic environment contributes directly to the variation in LGD. The results from the different approaches confirm a negative link between LGD and consumption growth for the retail portfolio, while in the case of the corporate segment, a negative link between LGD and real GDP growth is identified. Importantly, given that aggregation effects and non-linearities may substantially affect the choice of relevant macroeconomic variables, it is essential to distinguish between models employing purely macroeconomic data and models combining micro- and macro-based information.
Fulltext: PDF
|
|
|
Forecasting Czech GDP Using Mixed-Frequency Data Models
Franta, Michal ; Havrlant, David ; Rusnák, Marek
In this paper we use a battery of various mixed-frequency data models to forecast Czech GDP. The models employed are mixed-frequency vector autoregressions, mixed-data sampling models, and the dynamic factor model. Using a dataset of historical vintages of unrevised macroeconomic and financial data, we evaluate the performance of these models over the 2005–2012 period and compare them with the Czech National Bank’s macroeconomic forecasts. The results suggest that for shorter forecasting horizons the accuracy of the dynamic factor model is comparable to the CNB forecasts. At longer horizons, mixed-frequency vector autoregressions are able to perform similarly or slightly better than the CNB forecasts. Furthermore, moving away from point forecasts, we also explore the potential of density forecasts from Bayesian mixed-frequency vector autoregressions.
Fulltext: PDF
|
|
|
Evaluating the Links Between the Financial and Real Sectors in a Small Open Economy: The Case of the Czech Republic
Konečný, Tomáš ; Babecká Kucharčuková, Oxana
In this paper we use a battery of various mixed-frequency data models to forecast Czech GDP. The models employed are mixed-frequency vector autoregressions, mixed-data sampling models, and the dynamic factor model. Using a dataset of historical vintages of unrevised macroeconomic and financial data, we evaluate the performance of these models over the 2005–2012 period and compare them with the Czech National Bank’s macroeconomic forecasts. The results suggest that for shorter forecasting horizons the accuracy of the dynamic factor model is comparable to the CNB forecasts. At longer horizons, mixed-frequency vector autoregressions are able to perform similarly or slightly better than the CNB forecasts. Furthermore, moving away from point forecasts, we also explore the potential of density forecasts from Bayesian mixed-frequency vector autoregressions.
Fulltext: PDF
|
|
| |
guest ::
